HD6432633 Datasheet, PDF (780/1453 Pages) Renesas Technology Corp – Series of Microcomputers (MCUs: microcomputer units)

16.3.2 Operation in Asynchronous Mode
In asynchronous mode, characters are sent or received, each preceded by a start bit indicating the
start of communication and stop bits indicating the end of communication. Serial communication
is thus carried out with synchronization established on a character-by-character basis.
Inside the SCI, the transmitter and receiver are independent units, enabling full-duplex
communication. Both the transmitter and the receiver also have a double-buffered structure, so
that data can be read or written during transmission or reception, enabling continuous data
transfer.
Figure 16-2 shows the general format for asynchronous serial communication.
In asynchronous serial communication, the transmission line is usually held in the mark state (high
level). The SCI monitors the transmission line, and when it goes to the space state (low level),
recognizes a start bit and starts serial communication.
One serial communication character consists of a start bit (low level), followed by data (in LSB-
first order), a parity bit (high or low level), and finally stop bits (high level).
In asynchronous mode, the SCI performs synchronization at the falling edge of the start bit in
reception. The SCI samples the data on the 8th pulse of a clock with a frequency of 16 times the
length of one bit, so that the transfer data is latched at the center of each bit.
Idle state
(mark state)
1
LSB
MSB
1
Serial _{0 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 0/1 1}
1
data
Start
bit
Transmit/receive data
Parity Stop bit
bit
1 bit
7 or 8 bits
1 bit, 1 or
or none 2 bits
One unit of transfer data (character or frame)
Figure 16-2 Data Format in Asynchronous Communication
(Example with 8-Bit Data, Parity, Two Stop Bits)
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