PIC18F47J53 Datasheet, PDF (410/586 Pages) Microchip Technology – 28/44-Pin, High-Performance USB Microcontrollers with nanoWatt XLP Technology

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24.2 Comparator Operation
A single comparator is shown in Figure 24-2, along with
the relationship between the analog input levels and
the digital output. When the analog input at VIN+ is less
than the analog input, VIN-, the output of the compara-
tor is a digital low level. When the analog input at VIN+
is greater than the analog input, VIN-, the output of the
comparator is a digital high level. The shaded areas of
the output of the comparator in Figure 24-2 represent
the uncertainty due to input offsets and response time.
FIGURE 24-2:
SINGLE COMPARATOR
VIN+
+
VIN-
–
Output
VIN-
VIN+
Output
24.3 Comparator Response Time
Response time is the minimum time, after selecting a
new reference voltage or input source, before the
comparator output has a valid level. The response time
of the comparator differs from the settling time of the
voltage reference. Therefore, both of these times must
be considered when determining the total response to
a comparator input change. Otherwise, the maximum
delay of the comparators should be used (see
Section 31.0 “Electrical Characteristics”).
24.4 Analog Input Connection
Considerations
Figure 24-3 provides a simplified circuit for an analog
input. Since the analog pins are connected to a digital
output, they have reverse biased diodes to VDD and
VSS. The analog input, therefore, must be between VSS
and VDD. If the input voltage deviates from this range
by more than 0.6V in either direction, one of the diodes
is forward biased and a latch-up condition may occur.
A maximum source impedance of 10 k is
recommended for the analog sources. Any external
component connected to an analog input pin, such as
a capacitor or a Zener diode, should have very little
leakage current.
FIGURE 24-3:
COMPARATOR ANALOG INPUT MODEL
VDD
RS < 10k
VT = 0.6V
RIC
AIN
VA
CPIN
5 pF
VT = 0.6V
ILEAKAGE
±100 nA
Comparator
Input
VSS
Legend:
CPIN
=
VT
=
ILEAKAGE =
RIC
=
RS
=
VA
=
Input Capacitance
Threshold Voltage
Leakage Current at the pin due to various junctions
Interconnect Resistance
Source Impedance
Analog Voltage
DS39964B-page 410
Preliminary
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.