PIC18F23K22 Datasheet, PDF (111/492 Pages) Microchip Technology – 28/40/44-Pin, Low-Power, High-Performance Microcontrollers with nanoWatt XLP Technology

PIC18(L)F2X/4XK22
8.0 8 x 8 HARDWARE MULTIPLIER
8.1 Introduction
All PIC18 devices include an 8 x 8 hardware multiplier
as part of the ALU. The multiplier performs an unsigned
operation and yields a 16-bit result that is stored in the
product register pair, PRODH:PRODL. The multiplier’s
operation does not affect any flags in the STATUS
register.
Making multiplication a hardware operation allows it to
be completed in a single instruction cycle. This has the
advantages of higher computational throughput and
reduced code size for multiplication algorithms and
allows the PIC18 devices to be used in many applica-
tions previously reserved for digital signal processors.
A comparison of various hardware and software
multiply operations, along with the savings in memory
and execution time, is shown in Table .
8.2 Operation
Example 8-1 shows the instruction sequence for an 8 x 8
unsigned multiplication. Only one instruction is required
when one of the arguments is already loaded in the
WREG register.
Example 8-2 shows the sequence to do an 8 x 8 signed
multiplication. To account for the sign bits of the
arguments, each argument’s Most Significant bit (MSb)
is tested and the appropriate subtractions are done.
EXAMPLE 8-1:
MOVF ARG1, W
MULWF ARG2
8 x 8 UNSIGNED
MULTIPLY ROUTINE
;
; ARG1 * ARG2 ->
; PRODH:PRODL
EXAMPLE 8-2:
MOVF ARG1, W
MULWF ARG2
BTFSC ARG2, SB
SUBWF PRODH, F
MOVF
BTFSC
SUBWF
ARG2, W
ARG1, SB
PRODH, F
8 x 8 SIGNED MULTIPLY
ROUTINE
; ARG1 * ARG2 ->
; PRODH:PRODL
; Test Sign Bit
; PRODH = PRODH
;
- ARG1
; Test Sign Bit
; PRODH = PRODH
;
- ARG2
TABLE 8-1: PERFORMANCE COMPARISON FOR VARIOUS MULTIPLY OPERATIONS
Routine
Multiply Method
Program
Memory
(Words)
Cycles
(Max)
Time
@ 64 MHz @ 40 MHz @ 10 MHz
@ 4 MHz
Without hardware multiply
13
8 x 8 unsigned
Hardware multiply
1
Without hardware multiply
33
8 x 8 signed
Hardware multiply
6
Without hardware multiply
21
16 x 16 unsigned
Hardware multiply
28
Without hardware multiply
52
16 x 16 signed
Hardware multiply
35
69
4.3 s
6.9 s
27.6 s
69 s
1
62.5 ns 100 ns 400 ns
1 s
91
5.7 s
9.1 s
36.4 s
91 s
6
375 ns 600 ns
2.4 s
6 s
242 15.1 s 24.2 s 96.8 s 242 s
28
1.8 s
2.8 s
11.2 s
28 s
254 15.9 s 25.4 s 102.6 s 254 s
40
2.5 s
4.0 s
16.0 s
40 s
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS41412B-page 111