C8051F2XX Datasheet, PDF (119/146 Pages) Silicon Laboratories – Mixed Signal 8 kB ISP Flash MCU Family

C8051F2xx
16.1.2. Mode 1: 8-Bit UART, Variable Baud Rate
Mode 1 provides standard asynchronous, full duplex communication using a total of 10 bits per data byte:
one start bit, eight data bits (LSB first), and one stop bit (see the timing diagram in Figure 16.4). Data are
transmitted from the TX pin and received at the RX pin (see the interconnection diagram in Figure 16.5).
On receive, the eight data bits are stored in SBUF and the stop bit goes into RB8 (SCON.2).
Data transmission begins when an instruction writes a data byte to the SBUF register. The TI Transmit
Interrupt Flag (SCON.1) is set at the end of the transmission (the beginning of the stop-bit time). Data
reception can begin any time after the REN Receive Enable bit (SCON.4) is set to logic 1. After the stop bit
is received, the data byte will be loaded into the SBUF receive register if the following conditions are met:
RI must be logic 0, and if SM2 is logic 1, the stop bit must be logic 1.
If these conditions are met, the eight bits of data are stored in SBUF, the stop bit is stored in RB8, and the
RI flag is set. If these conditions are not met, SBUF and RB8 will not be loaded and the RI flag will not be
set. An interrupt will occur if enabled when either TI or RI is set.
MARK
SPACE
START
BIT
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
STOP
BIT
BIT TIMES
BIT SAMPLING
Figure 16.4. UART Mode 1 Timing Diagram
The baud rate generated in Mode 1 is a function of timer overflow. The UART can use Timer 1 operating in
8-bit Counter/Timer with Auto-Reload Mode, or Timer 2 operating in Baud Rate Generator Mode to gener-
ate the baud rate (note that the TX and RX clock sources are selected separately). On each timer overflow
event (a rollover from all ones (0xFF for Timer 1, 0xFFFF for Timer 2) to zero), a clock is sent to the baud
rate logic.
When Timer 1 is selected as a baud rate source, the SMOD bit (PCON.7) selects whether or not to divide
the Timer 1 overflow rate by two. On reset, the SMOD bit is logic 0, thus selecting the lower speed baud
rate by default. The SMOD bit affects the baud rate generated by Timer 1 as follows:
Mode 1 Baud Rate = (1 / 32) x T1_OVERFLOWRATE (when the SMOD bit is set to logic 0).
Mode 1 Baud Rate = (1 / 16) x T1_OVERFLOWRATE (when the SMOD bit is set to logic 1).
When Timer 2 is selected as a baud rate source, the baud rate generated by Timer 2 is as follows:
Mode 1 Baud Rate = (1 / 16) x T2_OVERFLOWRATE.
The Timer 1 overflow rate is determined by the Timer 1 clock source (T1CLK) and reload value (TH1). The
frequency of T1CLK can be selected as SYSCLK, SYSCLK/12, or an external clock source. The Timer 1
overflow rate can be calculated as follows:
T1_OVERFLOWRATE = T1CLK / (256 – TH1).
For example, assume TMOD = 0x20.
Rev. 1.6
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