TLK105 Datasheet, PDF (29/99 Pages) Texas Instruments – Industrial Temp, Single Port 10/100Mbs Ethernet Physical Layer Transceiver

TLK105
TLK106
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SLLSEB8A – AUGUST 2012 – REVISED MARCH 2013
5.2.10 Signal Detect
The signal detect function of the TLK10x is incorporated to meet the specifications mandated by the
ANSIFDDI TP-PMD Standard as well as the IEEE 802.3 100Base-TX Standard for both voltage thresholds
and timing parameters.
The energy-detector module provides signal-strength indication in various scenarios. Because it is based
on an IIR filter, this robust energy detector has excellent reaction time and reliability. The filter output is
compared to predefined thresholds in order to decide the presence or absence of an incoming signal.
The energy detector also implements hysteresis to avoid jittering in signal-detect indication. In addition it
has fully-programmable thresholds and listening-time periods, enabling shortening of the reaction time if
required.
5.2.11 Bad SSD Detection
A Bad Start of Stream Delimiter (Bad SSD) is any transition from consecutive idle code-groups to non-idle
code-groups which is not prefixed by the code-group pair /J/K. If this condition is detected, the TLK10x
asserts RX_ER, and presents RXD[3:0] = 1110 to the MII for the cycles that correspond to received 5B
code-groups until at least two IDLE code groups are detected. In addition, the FCSCR register (0x14h) is
incremented by one for every error in the nibble.
When at least two IDLE code groups are detected, RX_ER and CRS are de-asserted.
5.3 10Base-T Receive Path
In 10B-T, after the far-end clock is recovered, the received Manchester symbols pass to the Manchester
decoder. The serial decoded bit stream is aligned to the start of the frame, de-serialized to 4-bit wide
nibbles and sent to the MAC through the MII.
5.3.1 10M Receive Input and Squelch
The squelch feature determines when valid data is present on the differential receive inputs. The TLK10x
implements a squelch to prevent impulse noise on the receive inputs from being mistaken for a valid
signal. Squelch operation is independent of the 10Base-T operating mode. The squelch circuitry employs
a combination of amplitude and timing measurements (as specified in the IEEE 802.3 10Base-T standard)
to determine the validity of data on the twisted-pair inputs.
The signal at the start of a packet is checked by the squelch, and any pulses not exceeding the squelch
level (either positive or negative, depending upon polarity) are rejected. When this first squelch level is
exceeded correctly, the opposite squelch level must then be exceeded no earlier than 50ns. Finally, the
signal must again exceed the original squelch level no earlier than 50ns to qualify as a valid input
waveform, and not be rejected. This checking procedure results in the typical loss of three preamble bits
at the beginning of each packet. When the transmitter is operating, five consecutive transitions are
checked before indicating that valid data is present. At this time, the squelch circuitry is reset.
5.3.2 Collision Detection
When in Half-Duplex mode, a 10Base-T collision is detected when receive and transmit channels are
active simultaneously. Collisions are reported by the COL signal on the MII.
The COL signal remains set for the duration of the collision. If the PHY is receiving when a collision is
detected, it is reported immediately (through the COL pin).
5.3.3 Carrier Sense
Carrier Sense (CRS) may be asserted due to receive activity after valid data is detected via the squelch
function. For 10Mb/s Half Duplex operation, CRS is asserted during either packet transmission or
reception. For 10Mb/s Full Duplex operation, CRS is asserted only during receive activity.
CRS is de-asserted following an end-of-packet.
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