PIC24FJ128GA310-I Datasheet, PDF (290/406 Pages) Microchip Technology – 64/80/100-Pin, General Purpose, 16-Bit Flash Microcontrollers with LCD Controller and nanoWatt XLP Technology

PIC24FJ128GA310 FAMILY
23.1 User Interface
23.1.1 POLYNOMIAL INTERFACE
The CRC module can be programmed for CRC
polynomials of up to the 32^nd order, using up to 32 bits.
Polynomial length, which reflects the highest exponent
in the equation, is selected by the PLEN<4:0> bits
(CRCCON2<4:0>).
The CRCXORL and CRCXORH registers control which
exponent terms are included in the equation. Setting a
particular bit includes that exponent term in the equa-
tion. Functionally, this includes an XOR operation on
the corresponding bit in the CRC engine. Clearing the
bit disables the XOR.
For example, consider two CRC polynomials, one a
16-bit and the other a 32-bit equation.
EQUATION 23-1: 16-BIT, 32-BIT CRC
POLYNOMIALS
X16 + X12 + X5 + 1
and
X32+X26 + X23 + X22 + X16 + X12 + X11 + X10 +
X8 + X7 + X5 + X4 + X2 + X + 1
To program these polynomial into the CRC generator,
set the register bits, as shown in Table 23-1.
Note that the appropriate positions are set to ‘1’ to indi-
cate that they are used in the equation (for example,
X26 and X23). The ‘0’ bit required by the equation is
always XORed; thus, X0 is a don’t care. For a poly-
nomial of length 32, it is assumed that the 32^nd bit will
be used. Therefore, the X<31:1> bits do not have the
32^nd bit.
23.1.2 DATA INTERFACE
The module incorporates a FIFO that works with a
variable data width. Input data width can be configured
to any value between 1 and 32 bits using the
DWIDTH<4:0> bits (CRCCON2<12:8>). When the
data width is greater than 15, the FIFO is 4 words deep.
When the DWITDH bits are between 15 and 8, the
FIFO is 8 words deep. When the DWIDTH bits are less
than 8, the FIFO is 16 words deep.
The data for which the CRC is to be calculated must
first be written into the FIFO. Even if the data width is
less than 8, the smallest data element that can be writ-
ten into the FIFO is 1 byte. For example, if the DWIDTH
bits are 5, then the size of the data is
DWIDTH<4:0> + 1 or 6. The data is written as a whole
byte; the two unused upper bits are ignored by the
module.
Once data is written into the MSb of the CRCDAT reg-
isters (that is, the MSb as defined by the data width),
the value of the VWORD<4:0> bits (CRCCON1<12:8>)
increments by one. For example, if the DWIDTH bits
are 24, the VWORD bits will increment when bit 7 of
CRCDATH is written. Therefore, CRCDATL must
always be written to before CRCDATH.
The CRC engine starts shifting data when the CRCGO
bit is set and the value of the VWORD bits is greater
than zero.
Each word is copied out of the FIFO into a buffer regis-
ter, which decrements the VWORD bits. The data is
then shifted out of the buffer. The CRC engine contin-
ues shifting at a rate of two bits per instruction cycle,
until the VWORD bits reach zero. This means that for a
given data width, it takes half that number of instruc-
tions for each word to complete the calculation. For
example, it takes 16 cycles to calculate the CRC for a
single word of 32-bit data.
When the VWORD bits reach the maximum value for
the configured value of the DWIDTH bits (4, 8 or 16),
the CRCFUL bit becomes set. When the VWORD bits
reach zero, the CRCMPT bit becomes set. The FIFO is
emptied and the VWORD<4:0> bits are set to ‘00000’
whenever CRCEN is ‘0’.
At least one instruction cycle must pass after a write to
CRCWDAT before a read of the VWORD bits is done.
TABLE 23-1: CRC SETUP EXAMPLES FOR 16 AND 32-BIT POLYNOMIALS
CRC Control Bits
16-Bit Polynomial
Bit Values
32-Bit Polynomial
PLEN<4:0>
X<31:16>
X<15:0>
01111
0000 0000 0000 0001
0001 0000 0010 000X
11111
0000 0100 1100 0001
0001 1101 1011 011x
DS39996F-page 290
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