LM3S5P3B Datasheet, PDF (626/1170 Pages) Texas Instruments – Stellaris® LM3S5P3B Microcontroller

Universal Asynchronous Receivers/Transmitters (UARTs)
13.3.3
13.3.4
■ UARTFBRD write and UARTLCRH write
Data Transmission
Data received or transmitted is stored in two 16-byte FIFOs, though the receive FIFO has an extra
four bits per character for status information. For transmission, data is written into the transmit FIFO.
If the UART is enabled, it causes a data frame to start transmitting with the parameters indicated
in the UARTLCRH register. Data continues to be transmitted until there is no data left in the transmit
FIFO. The BUSY bit in the UART Flag (UARTFR) register (see page 641) is asserted as soon as
data is written to the transmit FIFO (that is, if the FIFO is non-empty) and remains asserted while
data is being transmitted. The BUSY bit is negated only when the transmit FIFO is empty, and the
last character has been transmitted from the shift register, including the stop bits. The UART can
indicate that it is busy even though the UART may no longer be enabled.
When the receiver is idle (the UnRx signal is continuously 1), and the data input goes Low (a start
bit has been received), the receive counter begins running and data is sampled on the eighth cycle
of Baud16 or fourth cycle of Baud8 depending on the setting of the HSE bit (bit 5) in UARTCTL
(described in “Transmit/Receive Logic” on page 624).
The start bit is valid and recognized if the UnRx signal is still low on the eighth cycle of Baud16 (HSE
clear) or the fourth cycle of Baud 8 (HSE set), otherwise it is ignored. After a valid start bit is detected,
successive data bits are sampled on every 16th cycle of Baud16 or 8th cycle of Baud8 (that is, one
bit period later) according to the programmed length of the data characters and value of the HSE
bit in UARTCTL. The parity bit is then checked if parity mode is enabled. Data length and parity are
defined in the UARTLCRH register.
Lastly, a valid stop bit is confirmed if the UnRx signal is High, otherwise a framing error has occurred.
When a full word is received, the data is stored in the receive FIFO along with any error bits
associated with that word.
Serial IR (SIR)
The UART peripheral includes an IrDA serial-IR (SIR) encoder/decoder block. The IrDA SIR block
provides functionality that converts between an asynchronous UART data stream and a half-duplex
serial SIR interface. No analog processing is performed on-chip. The role of the SIR block is to
provide a digital encoded output and decoded input to the UART. When enabled, the SIR block
uses the UnTx and UnRx pins for the SIR protocol. These signals should be connected to an infrared
transceiver to implement an IrDA SIR physical layer link. The SIR block can receive and transmit,
but it is only half-duplex so it cannot do both at the same time. Transmission must be stopped before
data can be received. The IrDA SIR physical layer specifies a minimum 10-ms delay between
transmission and reception.The SIR block has two modes of operation:
■ In normal IrDA mode, a zero logic level is transmitted as a high pulse of 3/16th duration of the
selected baud rate bit period on the output pin, while logic one levels are transmitted as a static
LOW signal. These levels control the driver of an infrared transmitter, sending a pulse of light
for each zero. On the reception side, the incoming light pulses energize the photo transistor base
of the receiver, pulling its output LOW and driving the UART input pin LOW.
■ In low-power IrDA mode, the width of the transmitted infrared pulse is set to three times the
period of the internally generated IrLPBaud16 signal (1.63 µs, assuming a nominal 1.8432 MHz
frequency) by changing the appropriate bit in the UARTCR register. See page 644 for more
information on IrDA low-power pulse-duration configuration.
Figure 13-3 on page 627 shows the UART transmit and receive signals, with and without IrDA
modulation.
626
January 20, 2012
Texas Instruments-Production Data