LM3S6952 Datasheet, PDF (76/626 Pages) Texas Instruments – Stellaris LM3S6952 Microcontroller

System Control
6.1.4.3
6.1.4.4
6.1.4.5
Main PLL Frequency Configuration
The main PLL is disabled by default during power-on reset and is enabled later by software if
required. Software specifies the output divisor to set the system clock frequency, and enables the
main PLL to drive the output. The PLL operates at 400 MHz, but is divided by two prior to the
application of the output divisor.
If the main oscillator provides the clock reference to the main PLL, the translation provided by
hardware and used to program the PLL is available for software in the XTAL to PLL Translation
(PLLCFG) register (see page 93). The internal translation provides a translation within ± 1% of the
targeted PLL VCO frequency. Table 23-9 on page 582 shows the actual PLL frequency and error for
a given crystal choice.
The Crystal Value field (XTAL) on page 88 describes the available crystal choices and default
programming of the PLLCFG register. The crystal number is written into the XTAL field of the
Run-Mode Clock Configuration (RCC) register. Any time the XTAL field changes, the new settings
are translated and the internal PLL settings are updated.
To configure the external 32-kHz real-time oscillator as the PLL input reference, program the OSCRC2
field in the Run-Mode Clock Configuration 2 (RCC2) register to be 0x7.
PLL Modes
The PLL has two modes of operation: Normal and Power-Down
■ Normal: The PLL multiplies the input clock reference and drives the output.
■ Power-Down: Most of the PLL internal circuitry is disabled and the PLL does not drive the output.
The modes are programmed using the RCC/RCC2 register fields (see page 88 and page 94).
PLL Operation
If a PLL configuration is changed, the PLL output frequency is unstable until it reconverges (relocks)
to the new setting. The time between the configuration change and relock is T_READY (see Table
23-8 on page 582). During the relock time, the affected PLL is not usable as a clock reference.
The PLL is changed by one of the following:
■ Change to the XTAL value in the RCC register—writes of the same value do not cause a relock.
■ Change in the PLL from Power-Down to Normal mode.
A counter is defined to measure the T_READY requirement. The counter is clocked by the main
oscillator. The range of the main oscillator has been taken into account and the down counter is set
to 0x1200 (that is, ~600 μs at an 8.192 MHz external oscillator clock). Hardware is provided to keep
the PLL from being used as a system clock until the T_READY condition is met after one of the two
changes above. It is the user's responsibility to have a stable clock source (like the main oscillator)
before the RCC/RCC2 register is switched to use the PLL.
If the main PLL is enabled and the system clock is switched to use the PLL in one step, the system
control hardware continues to clock the controller from the oscillator selected by the RCC/RCC2
register until the main PLL is stable (T_READY time met), after which it changes to the PLL. Software
can use many methods to ensure that the system is clocked from the main PLL, including periodically
polling the PLLLRIS bit in the Raw Interrupt Status (RIS) register, and enabling the PLL Lock
interrupt.
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April 05, 2010
Texas Instruments-Production Data