PIC16F737-I Datasheet, PDF (82/276 Pages) Microchip Technology – 28/40/44-Pin, 8-Bit CMOS Flash Microcontrollers with 10-Bit A/D and nanoWatt Technology

PIC16F7X7
7.5 Timer1 Operation in
Asynchronous Counter Mode
If control bit, T1SYNC (T1CON<2>), is set, the external
clock input is not synchronized. The timer continues to
increment asynchronous to the internal phase clocks.
The timer will continue to run during Sleep and can
generate an interrupt on overflow that will wake-up the
processor. However, special precautions in software
are needed to read/write the timer (Section 7.5.1
“Reading and Writing Timer1 in Asynchronous
Counter Mode”).
In Asynchronous Counter mode, Timer1 cannot be
used as a time base for capture or compare operations.
7.5.1
READING AND WRITING TIMER1 IN
ASYNCHRONOUS COUNTER MODE
Reading TMR1H or TMR1L while the timer is running
from an external asynchronous clock will ensure a valid
read (taken care of in hardware). However, the user
should keep in mind that reading the 16-bit timer in two
8-bit values itself, poses certain problems, since the
timer may overflow between the reads.
For writes, it is recommended that the user simply stop
the timer and write the desired values. A write conten-
tion may occur by writing to the Timer registers while
the register is incrementing. This may produce an
unpredictable value in the Timer register.
Reading the 16-bit value requires some care. The
example codes provided in Example 7-1 and
Example 7-2 demonstrate how to write to and read
Timer1 while it is running in Asynchronous mode.
EXAMPLE 7-1: WRITING A 16-BIT FREE RUNNING TIMER
; All interrupts are disabled
CLRF
TMR1L
; Clear Low byte, Ensures no rollover into TMR1H
MOVLW
HI_BYTE
; Value to load into TMR1H
MOVWF
TMR1H, F
; Write High byte
MOVLW
LO_BYTE
; Value to load into TMR1L
MOVWF
TMR1H, F
; Write Low byte
; Re-enable the Interrupt (if required)
CONTINUE
; Continue with your code
EXAMPLE 7-2: READING A 16-BIT FREE RUNNING TIMER
; All interrupts are disabled
MOVF
TMR1H, W
; Read high byte
MOVWF
TMPH
MOVF
TMR1L, W
; Read low byte
MOVWF
TMPL
MOVF
TMR1H, W
; Read high byte
SUBWF
TMPH, W
; Sub 1st read with 2nd read
BTFSC
STATUS, Z
; Is result = 0
GOTO
CONTINUE
; Good 16-bit read
; TMR1L may have rolled over between the read of the high and low bytes.
; Reading the high and low bytes now will read a good value.
MOVF
TMR1H, W
; Read high byte
MOVWF
TMPH
MOVF
TMR1L, W
; Read low byte
MOVWF
TMPL
; Re-enable the Interrupt (if required)
CONTINUE
; Continue with your code
DS30498C-page 80
 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.