HMP8170 Datasheet, PDF (3/33 Pages) Intersil Corporation – NTSC/PAL Video Encoder

HMP8170, HMP8171, HMP8172, HMP8173
Functional Operation
The HMP8170 - HMP8173 are fully integrated digital
encoders. All accept YCbCr digital video input data and
generate analog video output signals. The four outputs are
two composite video signals and Y/C (S-Video). The
HMP8172 and HMP8173 can also be configured to output
one composite and component RGB or YUV video.
The HMP817x accepts pixel data in one of several formats and
transforms it into 4:4:4 sampled luminance and chrominance
(YCbCr) data. The encoder then interpolates the YCbCr data to
twice the pixel rate and low pass filters it to match the
bandwidth of the video output format. If enabled, the encoder
also adds vertical blanking interval (VBI) information to the Y
data. At the same time, the encoder modulates the
chrominance data with a digitally synthesized subcarrier.
Finally, the encoder outputs luminance, chrominance, and their
sum as analog signals using 10-bit D/A converters.
The HMP817x provides operating modes to support all
versions of the NTSC and PAL standards and accepts full
size input data with rectangular (BT.601) and square pixel
aspect ratios. It operates from a single clock at twice the
pixel clock rate determined by the operating mode.
The HMP817x’s video timing control is flexible. It may
operate as the master, generating the system’s video timing
control signals, or it may accept external timing controls. The
polarity of the timing controls and the number of active pixels
and lines are programmable.
Pixel Data Input
The HMP817x accepts BT.601 YCbCr pixel data via the
P0-P15 input pins. The definition of each pixel input pin is
determined by the input format selected in the input format
register. The definition for each mode is shown in Table 1.
The YCbCr luminance and color difference signals are each 8
bits, scaled 0 to 255. The nominal range for Y is 16 (black) to
235 (white). Y values less than 16 are clamped to 16; values
greater than 235 are processed normally. The nominal range
for Cb and Cr is 16 to 240 with 128 representing zero. Cb and
Cr values outside their nominal range are processed normally.
Note that when converted to the analog outputs, some
combinations of YCbCr outside their nominal ranges would
generate a composite video signal larger than the analog
output limit. The composite signal will be clipped, but the
S-video outputs (Y and C) will note be.
The color difference signals are time multiplexed into one
8-bit bus beginning with a Cb sample. The Y and CbCr
busses may be input in parallel (16-bit mode) or may be time
multiplexed and input as a single bus (8-bit mode). The
single bus may also contain SAV and EAV video timing
reference codes or ancillary data (BT.656 mode).
TABLE 1. PIXEL DATA INPUT FORMATS
PIN
NAME
16-BIT
4:2:2
YCBCR
8-BIT
4:2:2
YCBCR
BT.656
P0
Cb0, Cr0
Ignored
P1
Cb1, Cr1
P2
Cb2, Cr2
P3
Cb3, Cr3
P4
Cb4, Cr4
P5
Cb5, Cr5
P6
Cb6, Cr6
P7
Cb7, Cr7
P8
Y0
P9
Y1
P10
Y2
P11
Y3
P12
Y4
P13
Y5
P14
Y6
P15
Y7
Y0, Cb0, Cr0
Y1, Cb1, Cr1
Y2, Cb2, Cr2
Y3, Cb3, Cr3
Y4, Cb4, Cr4
Y5, Cb5, Cr5
Y6, Cb6, Cr6
Y7, Cb7, Cr7
YCbCr Data,
SAV and EAV
Sequences,
and
Ancillary Data
Pixel Input and Control Signal Timing
The pixel input timing and the video control signal
input/output timing of the HMP817x depend on the part’s
operating mode. The periods when the encoder samples its
inputs and generates its outputs are summarized in Table 2.
Figures 1, 2, and 3 show the timing of CLK, CLK2, BLANK,
and the pixel input data with respect to each other. BLANK
may be an input or an output; the figures show both. When it
is an input, BLANK must arrive coincident with the pixel input
data; all are sampled at the same time.
When BLANK is an output, its timing with respect to the pixel
inputs depends on the blank timing select bit in the
timing_I/O_1 register. If the bit is cleared, the HMP817x
negates BLANK one CLK cycle before it samples the pixel
inputs.
If the bit is set, the encoder negates BLANK during the same
CLK cycle in which it samples the input data. In effect, the
input data must arrive one CLK cycle earlier than when the
bit is cleared. This mode is not shown in the figures.
TABLE 2. PIXEL INPUT AND CONTROL SIGNAL I/O TIMING
INPUT FORMAT
INPUT PIXEL DATA
SAMPLE
VIDEO TIMING CONTROL (NOTE)
INPUT SAMPLE
OUTPUT ON
CLK FREQUENCY
INPUT
OUTPUT
16-Bit YCbCr
Rising edge of CLK2 when CLK is low
Rising edge of CLK2
when CLK is high.
One-half CLK22
8-Bit YCbCr
Every rising edge of CLK2 Every rising edge of CLK2 Any rising edge of CLK2 Ignored
One-half CLK2
BT.656
Every rising edge of CLK2 Not Allowed
Any rising edge of CLK2 Ignored
One-half CLK2
NOTE: Video timing control signals include HSYNC, VSYNC, BLANK and FIELD. The sync and blanking I/O directions are independent; FIELD is
always an output.
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