W79E825A Datasheet, PDF (10/127 Pages) Winbond – 8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER

W79E825A/824A/823B/822B Data Sheet
AUXR1.0
DPS
DPS=0
DPS=1
DPTR
DPTR1
Figure 6-1: Dual DPTR
6.7 Architecture
The W79E825 series are based on the standard 8052 device. It is built around an 8-bit ALU that uses
internal registers for temporary storage and control of the peripheral devices. It can execute the
standard 8052 instruction set.
6.7.1 ALU
The ALU is the heart of the W79E825 series. It is responsible for the arithmetic and logical functions. It
is also used in decision making, in case of jump instructions, and is also used in calculating jump
addresses. The user cannot directly use the ALU, but the Instruction Decoder reads the op-code,
decodes it, and sequences the data through the ALU and its associated registers to generate the
required result. The ALU mainly uses the ACC which is a special function register (SFR) on the chip.
Another SFR, namely B register is also used in Multiply and Divide instructions. The ALU generates
several status signals which are stored in the Program Status Word register (PSW).
6.7.2 Accumulator
The Accumulator (ACC) is the primary register used in arithmetic, logical and data transfer operations
in the W79E825 series. Since the Accumulator is directly accessible by the CPU, most of the high
speed instructions make use of the ACC as one argument.
6.7.3 B Register
This is an 8-bit register that is used as the second argument in the MUL and DIV instructions. For all
other instructions it can be used simply as a general purpose register.
6.7.4 Program Status Word:
This is an 8-bit SFR that is used to store the status bits of the ALU. It holds the Carry flag, the Auxiliary
Carry flag, General purpose flags, the Register Bank Select, the Overflow flag, and the Parity flag.
6.7.5 Scratch-pad RAM
The W79E825 series have a 256/128 bytes on-chip scratch-pad RAM. These can be used by the user
for temporary storage during program execution. A certain section of this RAM is bit addressable, and
can be directly addressed for this purpose.
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