PIC16F877-20L Datasheet, PDF (107/218 Pages) Microchip Technology – 28/40-Pin 8-Bit CMOS FLASH Microcontrollers

PIC16F87X
10.3.2 USART SYNCHRONOUS MASTER
RECEPTION
Once synchronous mode is selected, reception is
enabled by setting either enable bit SREN
(RCSTA<5>), or enable bit CREN (RCSTA<4>). Data is
sampled on the RC7/RX/DT pin on the falling edge of
the clock. If enable bit SREN is set, then only a single
word is received. If enable bit CREN is set, the recep-
tion is continuous until CREN is cleared. If both bits are
set, CREN takes precedence. After clocking the last bit,
the received data in the Receive Shift Register (RSR)
is transferred to the RCREG register (if it is empty).
When the transfer is complete, interrupt flag bit RCIF
(PIR1<5>) is set. The actual interrupt can be enabled/
disabled by setting/clearing enable bit RCIE
(PIE1<5>). Flag bit RCIF is a read only bit, which is
reset by the hardware. In this case, it is reset when the
RCREG register has been read and is empty. The
RCREG is a double buffered register (i.e., it is a two
deep FIFO). It is possible for two bytes of data to be
received and transferred to the RCREG FIFO and a
third byte to begin shifting into the RSR register. On the
clocking of the last bit of the third byte, if the RCREG
register is still full, then overrun error bit OERR
(RCSTA<1>) is set. The word in the RSR will be lost.
The RCREG register can be read twice to retrieve the
two bytes in the FIFO. Bit OERR has to be cleared in
software (by clearing bit CREN). If bit OERR is set,
transfers from the RSR to the RCREG are inhibited, so
it is essential to clear bit OERR if it is set. The ninth
receive bit is buffered the same way as the receive
data. Reading the RCREG register will load bit RX9D
with a new value, therefore, it is essential for the user
to read the RCSTA register before reading RCREG in
order not to lose the old RX9D information.
When setting up a Synchronous Master Reception:
1. Initialize the SPBRG register for the appropriate
baud rate (Section 10.1).
2. Enable the synchronous master serial port by
setting bits SYNC, SPEN and CSRC.
3. Ensure bits CREN and SREN are clear.
4. If interrupts are desired, then set enable bit
RCIE.
5. If 9-bit reception is desired, then set bit RX9.
6. If a single reception is required, set bit SREN.
For continuous reception, set bit CREN.
7. Interrupt flag bit RCIF will be set when reception
is complete and an interrupt will be generated if
enable bit RCIE was set.
8. Read the RCSTA register to get the ninth bit (if
enabled) and determine if any error occurred
during reception.
9. Read the 8-bit received data by reading the
RCREG register.
10. If any error occurred, clear the error by clearing
bit CREN.
11. If using interrupts, ensure that GIE and PEIE
(bits 7 and 6) of the INTCON register are set.
TABLE 10-9: REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH SYNCHRONOUS MASTER RECEPTION
Address Name
Bit 7
Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Value on:
POR,
BOR
Value on all
other
RESETS
0Bh, 8Bh, INTCON GIE
10Bh,18Bh
0Ch
PIR1
PSPIF⁽¹⁾
PEIE
ADIF
T0IE INTE RBIE T0IF INTF R0IF 0000 000x 0000 000u
RCIF TXIF SSPIF CCP1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF _{0000 0000 0000 0000}
18h
RCSTA SPEN RX9 SREN CREN — FERR OERR RX9D 0000 -00x 0000 -00x
1Ah
RCREG USART Receive Register
0000 0000 0000 0000
8Ch
PIE1
PSPIE⁽¹⁾ ADIE RCIE TXIE SSPIE CCP1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000
98h
TXSTA CSRC TX9 TXEN SYNC — BRGH TRMT TX9D 0000 -010 0000 -010
99h
SPBRG Baud Rate Generator Register
0000 0000 0000 0000
Legend: x = unknown, - = unimplemented, read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used for synchronous master reception.
Note 1: Bits PSPIE and PSPIF are reserved on PIC16F873/876 devices; always maintain these bits clear.
 1998-2013 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30292D-page 107