MAX1464 Datasheet, PDF (14/47 Pages) Maxim Integrated Products – Low-Power, Low-Noise Multichannel Sensor Signal Processor

Low-Power, Low-Noise Multichannel
Sensor Signal Processor
step mode of code execution to ease code writing and
debugging. A special program instruction sequence is
required to observe the other CPU registers. Table 1 lists
the CPU registers.
CPU Ports
The MAX1464 incorporates 16 CPU ports that are directly
accessible by the serial interface. All the CPU ports have
a 16-bit data word width. The contents of the ports can
be read and written by transferring data to and from the
accumulator register (A) using the RDX and WRX instruc-
tions. No other CPU instructions act on the CPU ports.
Three CPU ports PD, PE, and PF have uniquely defined
operation for reading and writing data to and from the
peripheral modules. All CPU ports are static and volatile.
Table 2 lists the CPU ports.
Modules
The MAX1464 modules are the functional blocks used
to process analog and digital signals to and from the
CPU. Each module is addressed through CPU ports PD,
PE, and PF, as described in the CPU Ports section. All
modules use static, volatile registers for data retention.
There are three types of module registers: configuration,
data, and control. They are used to put a module into a
particular mode of operation. Configuration registers
hold configuration bits that control static settings such
as PGA gain, coarse offset, etc. Data registers hold
input data such as DAC and PWM input words or output
data such as the result of an ADC conversion. Control
registers are used to initiate a process (such as an ADC
conversion or a timer) or to turn modules on and off
(such as op amps, DAC outputs, PWM outputs, etc.)
Table 3 lists the module registers.
ADC Module
The ADC module (Figure 4) contains a 9-bit to 16-bit
sigma-delta converter with multiplexed differential and
single-ended signal inputs, a CO DAC, four reference
voltage inputs, two differential or four single-ended
external inputs, and 15 single-ended internal voltages
for measurement. The ADC output data is 16-bit two’s-
complement format. The conversion channel, modes,
and reference sources are all set in ADC configuration
registers. The conversion time is a function of the select-
ed resolution and ADC clock frequency. The CPU can
be programmed to convert any of the inputs and the
internal temperature sensor in any desired sequence.
For example, the differential inputs may be converted
many times and conversions of temperature performed
less frequently. See Table 4.
The ADC reference can be selected as V_DD for conver-
sions ratiometric to the power supply, 2 x V_REF input for
conversions relative to an external voltage, and V_BG x 4,
which is an internally generated bandgap reference
voltage. Note that because V_REF external = 2.5V and
V_BG = 1.25V, the ADC’s reference voltage is always
close to 5.0V. The ADC voltage reference is also used
by the CO DAC to maintain a signal conversion that is
completely ratiometric to the selected reference source.
The four analog inputs (INP1, INM1, INP2, INM2) and
several internal circuit nodes can be multiplexed to the
ADC for a single-ended conversion relative to V_SS. The
selection of which circuit node is multiplexed to the ADC
is controlled by the ADC_Control register. The ADC can
measure each of the op-amp output nodes with gain for
converting user-defined circuits or incorporating system
diagnostic test functions. The DAC outputs can be con-
verted by the ADC with either op amp arranged as
unity-gain buffers on the DAC outputs. The internal
power nodes, V_DD and V_SS, and the bandgap reference,
V_BG can be multiplexed to the ADC for conversion as
well. These measurement modes are defined and initiat-
ed in the ADC_Control register. See Tables 5 and 7 for
the single-ended configuration.
ADC Registers
The ADC module has 10 registers for configuration,
control, and data output. There are three conversion
channels in the ADC; channel 1, channel 2, and tem-
perature. Channels 1 and 2 are associated with the dif-
ferential signal input pairs INP1-INM1 and INP2-INM2,
respectively. The temperature channel is associated
with the integrated temperature sensor. Each channel
has two configuration registers (ADC_Config_nA and
ADC_Config_nB where n = 1, 2, or T) for setting con-
version resolution, reference input, coarse offsets, etc.
The data output from a conversion of channel 1, 2, or T
is stored in the respective data output register
ADC_Data_n where n = 1, 2, or T. Each of the channels
can be used to convert single-ended inputs as listed in
Table 7. The ADC_Control register controls which chan-
nel is to be converted and what single-ended input, if
any, is to be directed to that channel. See Tables 8
through 13.
Conversion Start
To initiate an ADC conversion, a word is written to the
ADC_Control register with either CNVT1, CNVT2, or
CNVTT bit set to a 1 (Table 6). When an ADC conver-
sion is initiated, the CPU is halted and all CPU and
FLASH activities cease. All CNVT1, CNVT2, and CNVTT
bits are cleared after the ADC conversion is completed.
Upon completion of the conversion, the ADC result is
latched into the respective ADC_Data_n register. In
addition, the convert bits in control register 0 are all
reset to zero. The CPU clock is then enabled and pro-
gram execution continues
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________