W77C58 Datasheet, PDF (55/71 Pages) Winbond – 8 BIT MICROCONTROLLER

Preliminary W77C58
Serial Port
Serial port in the W77C58 is a full duplex port. The W77C58 provides the user with additional
features such as the Frame Error Detection and the Automatic Address Recognition. The serial ports
are capable of synchronous as well as asynchronous communication. In Synchronous mode the
W77C58 generates the clock and operates in a half duplex mode. In the asynchronous mode, full
duplex operation is available. This means that it can simultaneously transmit and receive data. The
transmit register and the receive buffer are both addressed as SBUF Special Function Register.
However any write to SBUF will be to the transmit register, while a read from SBUF will be from the
receive buffer register. The serial port can operate in four different modes as described below.
Mode 0
This mode provides synchronous communication with external devices. In this mode serial data is
transmitted and received on the RXD line. TXD is used to transmit the shift clock. The TxD clock is
provided by the W77C58 whether the device is transmitting or receiving. This mode is therefore a half
duplex mode of serial communication. In this mode, 8 bits are transmitted or received per frame. The
LSB is transmitted/received first. The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 or 1/4 of the oscillator frequency. This
baud rate is determined by the SM2 bit (SCON.5). When this bit is set to 0, then the serial port runs at
1/12 of the clock. When set to 1, the serial port runs at 1/4 of the clock. This additional facility of
programmable baud rate in mode 0 is the only difference between the standard 8051 and the
W77C58.
The functional block diagram is shown below. Data enters and leaves the Serial port on the RxD line.
The TxD line is used to output the shift clock. The shift clock is used to shift data into and out of the
W77C58 and the device at the other end of the line. Any instruction that causes a write to SBUF will
start the transmission. The shift clock will be activated and data will be shifted out on the RxD pin till
all 8 bits are transmitted. If SM2 = 1, then the data on RxD will appear 1 clock period before the
falling edge of shift clock on TxD. The clock on TxD then remains low for 2 clock periods, and then
goes high again. If SM2 = 0, the data on RxD will appear 3 clock periods before the falling edge of
shift clock on TxD. The clock on TxD then remains low for 6 clock periods, and then goes high again.
This ensures that at the receiving end the data on RxD line can either be clocked on the rising edge
of the shift clock on TxD or latched when the TxD clock is low.
Clock Source
Mode
input
div. by 4
osc/1
div. by 64 osc/16
div. by 1024 osc/256
÷12
÷4
Write to
SBUF
Internal
Data Bus
TX START TX SHIFT
TX CLOCK
TI
PARIN SOUT
LOAD
CLOCK
RXD
P3.0 Alternate
Output Function
Transmit Shift Register
SM2
01
RI
REN
RXD
P3.0 Alternate
Iutput function
SERIAL
RI
CONTROLLER
RX
CLOCK
SHIFT
CLOCK
RX
START
LOAD SBUF
RX SHIFT
CLOCK
PAROUT
SIN
Serial Port Interrupt
TXD
P3.1 Alternate
Output function
SBUF
Read SBUF
SBUF
Internal
Data Bus
Receive Shift Register
Figure 20. Serial Port Mode 0
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Publication Release Date: September 1999
Revision A1