24AA64_02 Datasheet, PDF (5/24 Pages) Microchip Technology – 64K I2C™ Serial EEPROM

2.0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The 24XX64 supports a bi-directional 2-wire bus and
data transmission protocol. A device that sends data
onto the bus is defined as transmitter, and a device
receiving data as receiver. The bus has to be controlled
by a master device which generates the serial clock
(SCL), controls the bus access and generates the
START and STOP conditions, while the 24XX64 works
as slave. Both master and slave can operate as trans-
mitter or receiver, but the master device determines
which mode is activated.
3.0 BUS CHARACTERISTICS
The following bus protocol has been defined:
• Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus
is not busy.
• During data transfer, the data line must remain
stable whenever the clock line is HIGH. Changes
in the data line while the clock line is HIGH will be
interpreted as a START or STOP condition.
Accordingly, the following bus conditions have been
defined (Figure 3-1).
3.1 Bus not Busy (A)
Both data and clock lines remain HIGH.
3.2 Start Data Transfer (B)
A HIGH to LOW transition of the SDA line while the
clock (SCL) is HIGH determines a START condition. All
commands must be preceded by a START condition.
3.3 Stop Data Transfer (C)
A LOW to HIGH transition of the SDA line while the
clock (SCL) is HIGH determines a STOP condition. All
operations must be ended with a STOP condition.
24AA64/24LC64
3.4 Data Valid (D)
The state of the data line represents valid data when,
after a START condition, the data line is stable for the
duration of the HIGH period of the clock signal.
The data on the line must be changed during the LOW
period of the clock signal. There is one clock pulse per
bit of data.
Each data transfer is initiated with a START condition
and terminated with a STOP condition. The number of
the data bytes transferred between the START and
STOP conditions is determined by the master device
and is theoretically unlimited, although only the last six-
teen will be stored when doing a write operation. When
an overwrite does occur it will replace data in a first-in
first-out (FIFO) fashion.
3.5 Acknowledge
Each receiving device, when addressed, is obliged to
generate an acknowledge after the reception of each
byte. The master device must generate an extra clock
pulse which is associated with this Acknowledge bit.
Note:
The 24XX64 does not generate any
Acknowledge bits if an internal program-
ming cycle is in progress.
The device that acknowledges, has to pull down the
SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse in such a
way that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH
period of the acknowledge related clock pulse. Of
course, setup and hold times must be taken into
account. During reads, a master must signal an end of
data to the slave by not generating an Acknowledge bit
on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave.
In this case, the slave (24XX64) will leave the data line
HIGH to enable the master to generate the STOP con-
dition.
FIGURE 3-1: DATA TRANSFER SEQUENCE ON THE SERIAL BUS
(A)
(B)
(D)
(D)
SCL
SDA
START
CONDITION
ADDRESS OR
DATA
ACKNOWLEDGE ALLOWED
VALID
TO CHANGE
 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
(C) (A)
STOP
CONDITION
DS21189F-page 5