PIC16F87-E Datasheet, PDF (69/228 Pages) Microchip Technology – 18/20/28-Pin Enhan lashMicrocontrollers with nanoWatt Technology

PIC16F87/88
6.0 TIMER0 MODULE
The Timer0 module timer/counter has the following
features:
• 8-bit timer/counter
• Readable and writable
• 8-bit software programmable prescaler
• Internal or external clock select
• Interrupt-on-overflow from FFh to 00h
• Edge select for external clock
Additional information on the Timer0 module is
available in the “PICmicro^® Mid-Range MCU Family
Reference Manual” (DS33023).
Figure 6-1 is a block diagram of the Timer0 module and
the prescaler shared with the WDT.
6.1 Timer0 Operation
Timer0 operation is controlled through the
OPTION_REG register (see Register 2-2). Timer mode
is selected by clearing bit T0CS (OPTION_REG<5>).
In Timer mode, the Timer0 module will increment every
instruction cycle (without prescaler). If the TMR0 regis-
ter is written, the increment is inhibited for the following
two instruction cycles. The user can work around this
by writing an adjusted value to the TMR0 register.
Counter mode is selected by setting bit T0CS
(OPTION_REG<5>). In Counter mode, Timer0 will incre-
ment, either on every rising or falling edge of pin RA4/
T0CKI/C2OUT. The incrementing edge is determined by
the Timer0 Source Edge Select bit, T0SE
(OPTION_REG<4>). Clearing bit T0SE selects the rising
edge. Restrictions on the external clock input are
discussed in detail in Section 6.3 “Using Timer0 with
an External Clock”.
The prescaler is mutually, exclusively shared between
the Timer0 module and the Watchdog Timer. The
prescaler is not readable or writable. Section 6.4
“Prescaler” details the operation of the prescaler.
6.2 Timer0 Interrupt
The TMR0 interrupt is generated when the TMR0 reg-
ister overflows from FFh to 00h. This overflow sets bit
TMR0IF (INTCON<2>). The interrupt can be masked
by clearing bit TMR0IE (INTCON<5>). Bit TMR0IF
must be cleared in software by the Timer0 module
Interrupt Service Routine before re-enabling this inter-
rupt. The TMR0 interrupt cannot awaken the processor
from Sleep, since the timer is shut off during Sleep.
FIGURE 6-1:
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE TIMER0/WDT PRESCALER
CLKO (= FOSC/4)
RA4/T0CKI/C2OUT
pin
T0SE
0^M
U
X
1
T0CS
1
M
U
0_X
Sync
2
Cycles
PSA
Prescaler
Data Bus
8
TMR0 reg
Set Flag bit TMR0IF
on Overflow
WDT Timer
31.25 kHz
16-bit
Prescaler
WDT Enable bit
0
M
U
1X
PSA
8-bit Prescaler
8
8-to-1 MUX
PS2:PS0
0
1
MUX
PSA
WDT
Time-out
Note: T0CS, T0SE, PSA and PS2:PS0 bits are (OPTION_REG<5:0>).
 2005 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30487C-page 67