DS89C430 Datasheet, PDF (37/48 Pages) Dallas Semiconductor – Ultra-High-Speed Flash Microcontrollers

DS89C430/DS89C440/DS89C450 Ultra-High-Speed Flash Microcontrollers
Timer/Counters
The DS89C430 incorporates three 16-bit timers. All three timers can be used as either counters of external events,
where 1-to-0 transitions on a port pin are monitored and counted, or timers that count oscillator cycles. Table 12
summarizes the timer functions.
Timers 0 and 1 both have three modes of operations. They can each be used as a 13-bit timer/counter, a 16-bit
timer/counter, or an 8-bit timer/counter with autoreload. Timer 0 has a fourth operating mode as two 8-bit
timer/counters without autoreload. Each timer can also be used as a counter of external pulses on the
corresponding T0/T1 pin for 1-to-0 transitions. The timer mode (TMOD) register controls the mode of operation.
Each timer consists of a 16-bit register in 2 bytes, which can be found in the SFR map as TL0, TH0, TL1, and TH1.
The timer control (TCON) register enables timers 0 and 1.
Table 12. Timer Functions
FUNCTIONS
Timer/Counter
Timer with Capture
External Control Pulse Counter
Up/Down Autoreload Timer/Counter
Baud Rate Generator
Timer Output Clock Generator
TIMER 0
13/16/8*/2x8 bit
No
Yes
No
No
No
*8-bit timer/counter includes autoreload feature. 2x8-bit mode does not.
TIMER 1
13/16/8* bit
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
TIMER 2
16 bit
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Each timer has a selectable time base (Table 14). Following a reset, the timers default to divide by 12 to maintain
drop-in compatibility with the 8051. If timer 2 is used as a baud rate generator or clock output, its time base is fixed
at divide by 2, regardless of the setting of its timer mode bits.
Timer 2 is a true 16-bit timer/counter that, with a 16-bit capture (RCAP2L and RCAP2H) register, is able to provide
some unique functions like up/down autoreload timer/counter and timer output-clock generation. Timer 2 (registers
TL2 and TH2) is enabled by the T2CON register. Its mode of operation is selected by the T2MOD register.
For operation details, refer to Section 11: Programmable Timers in the Ultra-High-Speed Flash Microcontroller
Userís Guide.
Timed Access
The timed-access function prevents an errant CPU from making accidental changes to certain SFR bits that are
considered vital to proper system operation. This is achieved by using software control when accessing the
following SFR control bits:
SFR
WDCON.0
WDCON.1
WDCON.3
WDCON.6
EXIF.0
ACON.5
ACON.6
ACON.7
ROMSIZE.0
ROMSIZE.1
ROMSIZE.2
ROMSIZE.3
FCNTL.0
FCNTL.1
FCNTL.2
FCNTL.3
BIT
RWT
EWT
WDIF
POR
BGS
PAGES0
PAGES1
PAGEE
RMS0
RMS1
RMS2
PRAME
FC0
FC1
FC2
FC3
FUNCTION
Reset Watchdog Timer
Watchdog Reset Enable
Watchdog Interrupt Flag
Power-On Reset Flag
Bandgap Select
Page Mode Select Bit 0
Page Mode Select Bit 1
Page Mode Enable
Program Memory Size Select Bit 0
Program Memory Size Select Bit 1
Program Memory Size Select Bit 2
Program RAM Enable
Flash Command Bit 0
Flash Command Bit 1
Flash Command Bit 2
Flash Command Bit 3
Before these bits can be altered, the processor must execute the timed-access sequence. This sequence consists
of writing an AAh to the timed access (TA, C7h) register, followed by writing a 55h to the same register within three
machine cycles. This timed sequence of steps allows any of the timed access-protected SFR bits to be altered
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