MC7800_10 Datasheet, PDF (21/33 Pages) ON Semiconductor – 1.0 A Positive Voltage Regulators

MC7800, MC7800A, MC7800AE, NCV7800
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Design Considerations
The MC7800 Series of fixed voltage regulators are
designed with Thermal Overload Protection that shuts down
the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload
condition, Internal Short Circuit Protection that limits the
maximum current the circuit will pass, and Output Transistor
Safe−Area Compensation that reduces the output short circuit
current as the voltage across the pass transistor is increased.
In many low current applications, compensation
capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended
that the regulator input be bypassed with a capacitor if the
regulator is connected to the power supply filter with long
wire lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An
input bypass capacitor should be selected to provide good
high−frequency characteristics to insure stable operation
under all load conditions. A 0.33 mF or larger tantalum,
mylar, or other capacitor having low internal impedance at
high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor
should be mounted with the shortest possible leads directly
across the regulators input terminals. Normally good
construction techniques should be used to minimize ground
loops and lead resistance drops since the regulator has no
external sense lead.
Input
0.33 mF
MC7805
R _Constant
Current to
Grounded
I_O Load
The MC7800 regulators can also be used as a current source when
connected as above. In order to minimize dissipation the MC7805C is
chosen in this application. Resistor R determines the current as follows:
5.0 V
IO + _R ) IB
I_B ^ 3.2 mA over line and load changes.
For example, a 1.0 A current source would require R to be a 5.0 W,
10 W resistor and the output voltage compliance would be the input
voltage less 7.0 V.
Figure 9. Current Regulator
R_Source
Input
MJ2955 or Equiv.
0.33 mF
R
MC78XX
≥ 10 mF
1.0 mF
Output
1.0 mF
XX = 2 digits of type number indicating voltage.
The MC7800 series can be current boosted with a PNP transistor. The
MJ2955 provides current to 5.0 A. Resistor R in conjunction with the V_BE
of the PNP determines when the pass transistor begins conducting; this
circuit is not short circuit proof. Input/output differential voltage minimum is
increased by V_BE of the pass transistor.
Figure 11. Current Boost Regulator
MC7805
Input
Output
0.33 mF
1.0 k
7
2
6
3
4 _MC1741G
0.1 mF
10 k
V_O = 7.0 V to 20 V
V_IN = V_O ≥ 2.0 V
The addition of an operational amplifier allows adjustment to higher or
intermediate values while retaining regulation characteristics. The
minimum voltage obtainable with this arrangement is 2.0 V greater than the
regulator voltage.
Figure 10. Adjustable Output Regulator
R_Source
Input
R
≥ 10 mF
MJ2955
R_SC ^{or Equiv.}
0.33 mF
2N6049
or Equiv.
1.0 mF
MC78XX
Output
XX = 2 digits of type number indicating voltage.
The circuit of Figure 11 can be modified to provide supply protection
against short circuits by adding a short circuit sense resistor, R_SC, and an
additional PNP transistor. The current sensing PNP must be able to handle
the short circuit current of the three-terminal regulator. Therefore, a
four-ampere plastic power transistor is specified.
Figure 12. Short Circuit Protection
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