MAX15009 Datasheet, PDF (18/23 Pages) Maxim Integrated Products – Automotive 300mA LDO Regulators with Switched Output and Overvoltage Protector

Automotive 300mA LDO Regulators with
Switched Output and Overvoltage Protector
GATE
t₂
SOURCE
t₁
t₃
t_OVP
Figure 7. MAX15009 Timing Diagram
Overvoltage-Limiter Mode
Switching Frequency
When the MAX15009 is configured in overvoltage-
limiter mode, the external n-channel MOSFET is subse-
quently switched on and off during an overvoltage
event. The output voltage at OUT_PROT resembles a
periodic sawtooth waveform. Calculate the period of
the waveform, t_OVP, by summing three time intervals
(Figure 7):
t_OVP = t₁ + t₂ + t₃
where t₁ is the V_SOURCE output discharge time, t₂ is the
GATE delay time, and t₃ is the V_SOURCE output charge
time.
During an overvoltage event, the power dissipated
inside the MAX15009 is due to the gate pulldown cur-
rent, I_GATEPD. This amount of power dissipation is
worse when I_SOURCE = 0 (C_SOURCE is discharged only
by the internal current sink).
The worst-case internal power dissipation contribution
in overvoltage limiter mode, P_OVP, in watts can be
approximated using the following equation:
P_OVP
=
V_OV
×
0.98
×
I_GATEPD
×
t₁
t_OVP
where V_OV is the overvoltage threshold voltage in volts
and I_GATEPD is 100mA (max) GATE pulldown current.
Output Discharge Time (t₁)
When the voltage at SOURCE exceeds the adjusted
overvoltage threshold, GATE’s internal pulldown is
enabled until V_SOURCE drops by 4%. The internal cur-
rent sink, I_GATEPD, and the external load current,
I_LOAD, discharge the external capacitance from
SOURCE to ground.
Calculate the discharge time, t₁, using the following
equation:
t₁
=
C_SOURCE
×
0.04 × V_OV
I_LOAD + I_GATEPD
where t₁ is in ms, V_OV is the adjusted overvoltage
threshold in volts, I_LOAD is the external load current in
mA, and I_GATEPD is the 100mA (max) internal pulldown
current of GATE. C_SOURCE is the value of the capacitor
connected between the source of the MOSFET and
PGND in µF.
GATE Delay Time (t₂)
When SOURCE falls 4% below the overvoltage-threshold
voltage, the internal current sink is disabled and the
internal charge pump begins recharging the external
GATE voltage. Due to the external load, the SOURCE
voltage continues to drop until the gate of the MOSFET is
recharged. The time needed to recharge GATE and re-
enhance the external MOSFET is approximately:
t₂
= C_iss
×
V_GS(TH) +
I_GATE
V_F
where t₂ is in µs, C_iss is the input capacitance of the
MOSFET in pF, and V_GS(TH) is the GATE-to-SOURCE
threshold voltage of the MOSFET in volts. V_F is the 0.7V
(typ) internal clamp diode forward voltage of the MOS-
FET in volts, and I_GATE is the charge-pump current
45µA (typ). Any external capacitance between GATE
and PGND adds up to C_iss.
During t₂, the SOURCE capacitance, C_SOURCE, loses
charge through the output load. The voltage across
C_SOURCE, ΔV₂, decreases until the MOSFET reaches
its V_GS(TH) threshold. Approximate ΔV₂ using the fol-
lowing formula:
ΔV₂
=
I_LOAD × t₂
C_SOURCE
SOURCE Output Charge Time (t₃)
Once the GATE voltage exceeds the GATE-to-SOURCE
threshold, V_GS(TH), of the external MOSFET, the MOS-
FET turns on and the charge through the internal
charge pump with respect to the drain potential, Q_G,
determines the slope of the output voltage rise. The
time required for the SOURCE voltage to rise again to
the overvoltage threshold is:
t₃
=
C_rss
× ΔV_SOURCE
I_GATE
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