ADF7025 Datasheet, PDF (15/44 Pages) Analog Devices – High Performance ISM Band Transceiver IC

FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
REFERENCE INPUT SECTION
The on-board crystal oscillator circuitry (see Figure 19) can use
an inexpensive quartz crystal as the PLL reference. The oscillator
circuit is enabled by setting R1_DB12 high. It is enabled by
default on power-up and is disabled by bringing CE low. Errors
in the crystal can be corrected by adjusting the Fractional-N
value (see the N Counter section). A single-ended reference
(TCXO, CXO) can also be used. The CMOS levels should be
applied to OSC2 with R1_DB12 set low.
OSC1
OSC2
CP2
CP1
Figure 19. Oscillator Circuit on the ADF7025
Two parallel resonant capacitors are required for oscillation at
the correct frequency; their values are dependent on the crystal
specification. They should be chosen so that the series value of
capacitance added to the PCB track capacitance adds up to the
load capacitance of the crystal, usually 20 pF. Track capacitance
values vary from 2 pF to 5 pF, depending on board layout.
Where possible, choose capacitors that have a very low
temperature coefficient to ensure stable frequency operation
over all conditions.
CLKOUT Divider and Buffer
The CLKOUT circuit takes the reference clock signal from the
oscillator section, shown in Figure 19, and supplies a divided-
down 50:50 mark-space signal to the CLKOUT pin. An even
divide from 2 to 30 is available. This divide number is set in
R1_DB [8:11]. On power-up, the CLKOUT defaults to
divide-by-8.
DV_DD
CLKOUT
ENABLE BIT
OSC1
DIVIDER
÷2
1 TO 15
CLKOUT
Figure 20. CLKOUT Stage
To disable CLKOUT, set the divide number to 0. The output
buffer can drive up to a 20 pF load with a 10% rise time at
4.8 MHz. Faster edges can result in some spurious feedthrough
to the output. A small series resistor (50 Ω) can be used to slow
the clock edges to reduce these spurs at FCLK.
ADF7025
R Counter
The 3-bit R counter divides the reference input frequency by an
integer from 1 to 7. The divided-down signal is presented as the
reference clock to the phase frequency detector (PFD). The divide
ratio is set in Register 1. Maximizing the PFD frequency reduces
the N value. This reduces the noise multiplied at a rate of 20 log(N)
to the output, as well as reducing occurrences of spurious
components. The R register defaults to R = 1 on power-up.
PFD [Hz] = XTAL/R
MUXOUT and Lock Detect
The MUXOUT pin allows the user to access various digital
points in the ADF7025. The state of MUXOUT is controlled by
Bits R0_DB [29:31].
Regulator Ready
Regulator ready is the default setting on MUXOUT after the
transceiver has been powered up. The power-up time of the
regulator is typically 50 µs. Because the serial interface is powered
from the regulator, the regulator must be at its nominal voltage
before the ADF7025 can be programmed. The status of the
regulator can be monitored at MUXOUT. When the
regulator_ready signal on MUXOUT is high, programming of
the ADF7025 can begin.
DV_DD
REGULATOR READY
DIGITAL LOCK DETECT
ANALOG LOCK DETECT
R COUNTER OUTPUT
N COUNTER OUTPUT
PLL TEST MODES
Σ-∆ TEST MODES
MUX
CONTROL
MUXOUT
Figure 21. MUXOUT Circuit
DGND
Digital Lock Detect
Digital lock detect is active high. The lock detect circuit is
located at the PFD. When the phase error on five consecutive
cycles is less than 15 ns, lock detect is set high. Lock detect
remains high until a 25 ns phase error is detected at the PFD.
Because no external components are needed for digital lock
detect, it is more widely used than analog lock detect.
Rev. A | Page 15 of 44