TPS56428_16 Datasheet, PDF (10/30 Pages) Texas Instruments – 4.5-V to 18-V Input, 4-A Sync. Step-Down Converter with Advanced Eco-mode

TPS56428
SLVSBV4B – APRIL 2013 – REVISED OCTOBER 2015
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Device Functional Modes (continued)
8.4.3 Current Protection
The output over-current protection (OCP) is implemented using a cycle-by-cycle valley detect control circuit. The
switch current is monitored by measuring the low-side FET switch voltage between the SW pin and GND. This
voltage is proportional to the switch current. To improve accuracy, the voltage sensing is temperature
compensated.
During the on time of the high-side FET switch, the switch current increases at a linear rate determined by Vin,
Vout, the on-time and the output inductor value. During the on time of the low-side FET switch, this current
decreases linearly. The average value of the switch current is the load current Iout. The TPS56428 constantly
monitors the low-side FET switch voltage, which is proportional to the switch current, during the low-side on-time.
If the measured voltage is above the voltage proportional to the current limit, an internal counter is incremented
per each SW cycle and the converter maintains the low-side switch on until the measured voltage is below the
voltage corresponding to the current limit at which time the switching cycle is terminated and a new switching
cycle begins. In subsequent switching cycles, the on-time is set to a fixed value and the current is monitored in
the same manner. If the over current condition exists for 7 consecutive switching cycles, the internal OCL
threshold is set to a lower level, reducing the available output current. When a switching cycle occurs where the
switch current is not above the lower OCL threshold, the counter is reset and the OCL limit is returned to the
higher value.
There are some important considerations for this type of over-current protection. The load current one half of the
peak-to-peak inductor current is higher than the over-current threshold also when the current is being limited, the
output voltage tends to fall as the demanded load current may be higher than the current available from the
converter. This may cause the output voltage to fall. . When the VFB voltage becomes lower than 65% of the
target voltage, the UVP comparator detects it. After 5µs detecting the UVP voltage, device will shut down and re-
start after hiccup time.
When the over current condition is removed, the output voltage returns to the regulated value.
8.4.4 UVLO Protection
Undervoltage lock out protection (UVLO) monitors the voltage of the VREG5 pin. When the VREG5 voltage is
lower than UVLO threshold voltage, the TPS56428 is shut off. This protection is non-latching.
8.4.5 Thermal Shutdown
TPS56428 monitors the temperature of itself. If the temperature exceeds the threshold value (typically 165°C),
the device is shut off. This is non-latch protection.
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