LMH2100 Datasheet, PDF (24/32 Pages) National Semiconductor (TI) – 50 MHz to 4 GHz 40 dB Logarithmic Power Detector for CDMA and WCDMA

rather impractical. However, since the drift error is usually
small V_OUT(T) is only slightly different from V_OUT(T_O). This
means that we can apply the following approximation:
This expression is easily simplified by taking the following
considerations into account:
• The drift error at the calibration temperature E(T_O,T_O)
equals zero (by definition).
• The estimator transfer F_DET(V_OUT,T_O) is not a function of
temperature; the estimator output changes over
temperature only due to the temperature dependence of
V_OUT.
• The actual detector input power P_IN is not temperature
dependent (in the context of this expression).
• The derivative of the estimator transfer function to V_OUT
equals approximately 1/K_SLOPE in the LOG-linear region of
the detector transfer function (the region of interest).
Using this, we arrive at:
ence with the LOG-conformance error is observed at the top
and bottom end of the detection range; instead of a rapid in-
crease the drift error settles to a small value at high and low
input power levels due to the fact that the detector saturation
levels are relatively temperature independent.
In a practical application it may not be possible to use the
exact inverse detector transfer function as the algorithm for
the estimator. For example it may require too much memory
and/or too much factory calibration time. However, using the
ideal LOG-linear model in combination with a few extra data
points at the top and bottom end of the detection range -
where the deviation is largest - can already significantly re-
duce the power measurement error.
2.4 Temperature Compensation
A further reduction of the power measurement error is possi-
ble if the operating temperature is measured in the applica-
tion. For this purpose, the detector model used by the
estimator should be extended to cover the temperature de-
pendency of the detector.
Since the detector transfer function is generally a smooth
function of temperature (the output voltage changes gradually
over temperature), the temperature is in most cases ade-
quately modeled by a first-order or second-order polynomial,
i.e.
This expression is very similar to the expression of the LOG-
conformance error determined previously. The only differ-
ence is that instead of the output of the ideal LOG-linear
model, the actual detector output voltage at the calibration
temperature is now subtracted from the detector output volt-
age at the operating temperature.
Figure 7 depicts an example of the drift error.
30014022
FIGURE 7. Temperature Drift Error of the LMH2100
at f = 1855 MHz
In agreement with the definition, the temperature drift error is
zero at the calibration temperature. Further, the main differ-
The required temperature dependence of the estimator, to
compensate for the detector temperature dependence can be
approximated similarly:
The last approximation results from the fact that a first-order
temperature compensation is usually sufficiently accurate.
The remainder of this section will therefore concentrate on
first-order compensation. For second and higher-order com-
pensation a similar approach can be followed.
Ideally, the temperature drift could be completely eliminated
if the measurement system is calibrated at various tempera-
tures and input power levels to determine the Temperature
Sensitivity S₁. In a practical application, however that is usu-
ally not possible due to the associated high costs. The alter-
native is to use the average temperature drift in the estimator,
instead of the temperature sensitivity of each device individ-
ually. In this way it becomes possible to eliminate the sys-
tematic (reproducible) component of the temperature drift
without the need for calibration at different temperatures dur-
ing manufacturing. What remains is the random temperature
drift, which differs from device to device. Figure 8 illustrates
the idea. The graph at the left schematically represents the
behavior of the drift error versus temperature at a certain input
power level for a large number of devices.
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