MC33092A Datasheet, PDF (8/11 Pages) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc – Alternator Voltage Regulator

MC33092A
The digital ON–time is determined by comparing the
output of the up/down counter to a continuous counter and
decoding when they are equal. This event will terminate drive
to the MOSFET. A count direction shift register requires three
consecutive clock pulses with a state change on the data
input of the register to result in an up/down count direction
change. The count will increase for increasing system load
up to 100% duty cycle and count down for decreased loading
to a minimum of 29% duty cycle. The analog control can
provide a minimum duty cycle of 4 to 5%. The initial
power–up duty cycle is 29% until the phase comparator input
exceeds its input threshold voltage. Also, the IC powers up
with the LRC circuit active, i.e., when the Lamp Collector pin
exceeds the power–up threshold voltage.
Fault Lamp Indicator
Pins 3 and 4 control the external Darlington transistor (Q2)
that drives the fault indicator lamp. A 10 Ω resistor should be
placed in series with the transistor’s emitter for current
limiting purposes. The fault lamp is energized during any of
the following fault conditions: 1) No Phase buffer (Pin 10)
input due to slow or no alternator rotation, shorted phase
winding, etc.; 2) Phase buffer input ac voltage less than the
phase detect threshold; 3) Overvoltage on Pin 2, or Pin 12 if
Pin 2 is not used, or 4) Undervoltage on Pin 19 with the phase
buffer input signal higher than the Low/High RPM transition
frequency.
Phase Buffer Input
A tap is normally connected to one corner of the
alternator’s stator winding to provide an ac voltage for
rotation detection. This ac signal is fed into the phase buffer
input (Pin 10) through a voltage divider. If the frequency of
this signal is less than the phase rotation detect frequency
(36 Hz, typically), the fault lamp is lit indicating an insufficient
alternator rotation and the MOSFET drive (Pin 17) output
duty cycle is restricted to approximately 29% maximum. Also,
if the peak voltage of the ac signal is less than the phase
detect threshold, the fault lamp is lit indicating an insufficient
amount of field current and again the MOSFET drive (Pin 17)
output duty cycle is restricted to approximately 29%
maximum.
Undervoltage, Overvoltage and Load Dump
The low pass filter output feeds an undervoltage
comparator through an external voltage divider. The voltage
divider can be used to adjust the undervoltage detection
level. During an undervoltage condition, the fault lamp will
light only if the phase buffer input signal frequency is higher
than the Low/High RPM transition frequency. This is to
ensure that the undervoltage condition is caused by a true
fault and not just by low alternator rotation. To help maintain
system voltage regulation during an undervoltage condition,
the output duty cycle is automatically increased to 100%.
Even though the fault lamp may be energized for an
undervoltage condition, the MC33092A will continue to
operate but with limited performance.
Through an internal voltage divider, the low pass filter
feeds an overvoltage comparator which monitors this output
for an overvoltage condition. If the overvoltage threshold is
exceeded, the fault lamp is lit and the MOSFET drive (Pin 17)
output duty cycle is restricted to approximately 4% maximum.
The internal voltage divider on the input to the load dump
comparator has a different ratio than the divider used on the
overvoltage comparator. This allows the load dump detect
threshold to be higher than the overvoltage threshold even
though both comparators are monitoring the same low pass
filter output. If the load dump detect threshold is exceeded,
the fault lamp and MOSFET drive outputs are disabled to
protect the MOSFET, field winding and lamp.
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MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA