DSPIC30F4011-20I Datasheet, PDF (31/236 Pages) Microchip Technology – High-Performance, 16-Bit Digital Signal Controllers

All byte loads into any W register are loaded into the
LSB; the MSB is not modified.
A sign-extend (SE) instruction is provided to allow
users to translate 8-bit signed data to 16-bit signed
values. Alternatively, for 16-bit unsigned data, users
can clear the MSB of any W register by executing a
zero-extend (ZE) instruction on the appropriate
address.
Although most instructions are capable of operating on
word or byte data sizes, it should be noted that some
instructions, including the DSP instructions, operate
only on words.
3.2.5 NEAR DATA SPACE
An 8-Kbyte ‘near’ data space is reserved in X address
memory space between 0x0000 and 0x1FFF, which is
directly addressable via a 13-bit absolute address field
within all memory direct instructions. The remaining X
address space and all of the Y address space is
addressable indirectly. Additionally, the whole of X data
space is addressable using MOV instructions, which
support Memory Direct Addressing with a 16-bit
address field.
3.2.6 SOFTWARE STACK
The dsPIC DSC contains a software stack. W15 is used
as the Stack Pointer.
The Stack Pointer always points to the first available
free word and grows from lower addresses towards
higher addresses. It pre-decrements for stack pops and
post-increments for stack pushes, as shown in
Figure 3-9. Note that for a PC push during any CALL
instruction, the MSB of the PC is zero-extended before
the push, ensuring that the MSB is always clear.
Note:
A PC push during exception processing
concatenates the SRL register to the MSB
of the PC prior to the push.
dsPIC30F4011/4012
There is a Stack Pointer Limit register (SPLIM) associ-
ated with the Stack Pointer. SPLIM is uninitialized at
Reset. As is the case for the Stack Pointer, SPLIM<0>
is forced to ‘0’, because all stack operations must be
word-aligned. Whenever an Effective Address (EA) is
generated, using W15 as a source or destination
pointer, the address thus generated is compared with
the value in SPLIM. If the contents of the Stack Pointer
(W15) and the SPLIM register are equal, and a push
operation is performed, a stack error trap will not occur.
The stack error trap will occur on a subsequent push
operation. Thus, for example, if it is desirable to cause
a stack error trap when the stack grows beyond
address 0x2000 in RAM, initialize the SPLIM with the
value, 0x1FFE.
Similarly, a Stack Pointer underflow (stack error) trap is
generated when the Stack Pointer address is found to
be less than 0x0800, thus preventing the stack from
interfering with the Special Function Register (SFR)
space.
A write to the SPLIM register should not be immediately
followed by an indirect read operation using W15.
FIGURE 3-9: CALL STACK FRAME
0x0000 ₁₅
0
PC<15:0>
000000000 PC<22:16>
<Free Word>
W15 (before CALL)
W15 (after CALL)
POP: [--W15]
PUSH: [W15++]
© 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS70135E-page 29