MIC2588_05 Datasheet, PDF (17/21 Pages) Micrel Semiconductor – Single-Channel, Negative High-Voltage Hot Swap Power Controllers

MIC2588/MIC2594
then add the rise in temperature due to the maximum power
dissipated during a transient overload caused by a short
circuit condtion. The equation to estimate the maximum
steady-state junction temperature is given by:
T_J(steady-state) ≅ T_C(max) + ΔT_J
(10)
T_C(max) is the highest anticipated case temperaure, prior to
an overcurrent condition, at which the MOSFET will operate
and is estimated from the following equation based on the
highest ambient temperature of the system environment.
T_C(max) = T_A(max) + P_D × (R_θ(J-A) – R_θ(J-C))
(11)
Let’s assume a maximum ambient of 60°C. The power dis-
sipation of the MOSFET is determined by the current through
the MOSFET and the on-resistance (I²R), which we will esti-
mate at 17mΩ (specification given at T_J = 125°C). Using our
example information and substituting into Equation 11,
T_C(max) = 60°C + [((3A)² × 17mΩ) × (40 – 0.4)°C/W]
= 66.06°C
Substituting the variables into Equation 10, T_J is determined
by:
T_J(steady-state)
≅ T_C(max)+×[R(R_OONN+)(]T[I_{2C×(m(Raθ}x_(J)–_-AT_{)–CR)(θ}0₍._J0_-C0₎5))]
≅ 66.06°C+[17mΩ+(66.06°C–25°C)(0.005/°C)
× (17mΩ)][(3A)²Ã—(40–0.4)°C/W]
≅ 66.06°C + 7.30°C
≅ 73.36°C
Since this is not a closed-form equation, getting a close ap-
poroximation may take one or two iterations. On the second
iteration, start with T_J equal to the value calculated above.
Doing so in this example yields;
T_J(steady-state)
≅
66.06°C+[17mΩ+(73.36°C–25°C)×(0.005/°C)
×(17mΩ)][(3A)²Ã—(40–0.4)]°C/W
≅ 73.62°C
Micrel
Another iteration shows that the result (73.63°C) is converg-
ing quickly, so we’ll estimate the maximum T_{J(steady-state)} at
74°C.
The use of the Transient Thermal Impedence Curves is
necessary to determine the increase in junction temperature
associated with a worst-case transient condition. From our
previous calculation of the maximum power dissipated during
a short circuit event for the MIC2588/MIC2594, we calculate
the transient junction temperature increase as:
T_J(transient) = P_D(short) × R_θ(J-C) × Multiplier
(12)
Assume the MOSFET has been on for a long time – several
minutes or more – and delivering the steady-state load current
of 3A to the load when the load is short circuited. The control-
ler will regulate the GATE output voltage to limit the current
to the programmed value of 4.2A for approximately 400µs
before immediately shutting off the output. For this situation
and almost all hot swap applications, this can be considered a
single pulse event as there is no significant duty cycle. From
Figure 7, find the point on the X-axis (“Square-Wave Pulse
Duration”) for 1ms, allowing for a healthy margin of the 400µs
t_FLT, and read up the Y-axis scale to find the intersection of
the Single Pulse curve. This point is the normalized transient
thermal impedence (Z_θ(J-C)), and the effective transient thermal
impedence is the product of R_θ(J-C) and the multiplier, 0.45
in this example. Solving Equation 12,
T_J(transient) = (201.6W) × (0.4°C/W) × 0.45 = 36.3°C
Finally, add this result to the maximum steady state junction
temperature calculated previously to determine the estimated
maximum transient junction temperature of the MOSFET:
T_J(max.transient) = 74°C + 36.3°C = 110.3°C, which is safely
under the specified maximum junction temperature of 200°C
for the SUM110N10-09.
September 2005
FIgure 7. Transient Thermal Impedance - SUM110N10-09
17
M9999-083005