MIC4724 Datasheet, PDF (14/19 Pages) Micrel Semiconductor – 3A 2MHz Integrated Switch Buck Regulator with 6Vmax Input

Micrel, Inc.
The following Bode analysis show the small signal loop
stability of the MIC4724, it utilizes type III compensation.
This is a dominant low frequency pole, followed by 2
zeros and finally the double pole of the inductor
capacitor filter, creating a final 20dB/decade roll off.
Bode analysis gives us a few important data points;
speed of response (Gain Bandwidth or GBW) and loop
stability. Loop speed or GBW determines the response
time to a load transient. Faster response times yield
smaller voltage deviations to load steps.
Instability in a control loop occurs when there is gain and
positive feedback. Phase margin is the measure of how
stable the given system is. It is measured by determining
how far the phase is from crossing zero when the gain is
equal to 1 (0dB).
Bode Plot
V =3.3V, V =1.8V, I =3A
60 ^IN
OUT
OUT ₂₁₀
50
PHASE
175
40
140
30
105
20
70
10 _L=1µH
0
C = 4.7µF
OUT
GAIN
-10 ^{R1 = 10k}
R2 = 12.4k
-20 _{C = 82pF}
FF
-30
100 1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
35
0
-35
-70
-105
1M
Typically for 3.3Vin and 1.8Vout at 3A;
• Phase Margin=47 Degrees
• GBW=156KHz
Gain will also increase with input voltage. The following
graph shows the increase in GBW for an increase in
supply voltage.
Bode Plot
V =5V, V =1.8V, I =3A
60 ^IN
OUT
OUT
210
50
PHASE
175
40
140
30
105
20
70
10 _L=1µH
GAIN
0
C = 4.7µF
OUT
-10 ^{R1 = 10k}
R2 = 12.4k
-20 _{C = 82pF}
FF
-30
100 1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
35
0
-35
-70
-105
1M
5Vin, 1.8Vout at 3A load;
• Phase Margin=43.1 Degrees
• GBW= 218KHz
MIC4724
regulator only has the ability to source current. This
means that the regulator has to rely on the load to be
able to sink current. This causes a non-linear response
at light loads. The following plot shows the effects of the
pole created by the nonlinearity of the output drive
during light load (discontinuous) conditions.
Bode Plot
V =3.3V,V =1.8V,I =50mA
IN
OUT
OUT
60
210
50
175
40
PHASE
140
30
105
20
70
10 _L=1µH
0
C = 4.7µF
OUT
-10 ^{R1 = 10k}
R2 = 12.4k
-20 _{C = 82pF}
FF
-30
100 1k
GAIN
10k 100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
35
0
-35
-70
-105
1M
3.3Vin, 1.8Vout Iout=50mA;
• Phase Margin=90.5 Degrees
• GBW= 64.4KHz
Feed Forward Capacitor
The feedback resistors are a gain reduction block in the
overall system response of the regulator. By placing a
capacitor from the output to the feedback pin, high
frequency signal can bypass the resistor divider, causing
a gain increase up to unity gain.
Gain and Phase
vs. Frequency
0
25
L=1µH
-1 _{C = 4.7µF}
OUT
GAIN
-2 _{R1 = 10k}
20
-3 R2 = 12.4k
-4
C
FF
=
82pF
15
-5
-6
PHASE
10
-7
-8
5
-9
-10
100 1k
0
10k 100k 1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
The graph above shows the effects on the gain and
phase of the system caused by feedback resistors and a
feedforward capacitor. The maximum amount of phase
boost achievable with a feedforward capacitor is
graphed below.
Being that the MIC4724 is non-synchronous; the
June 2008
14
M9999-062408-A