AT89LP428 Datasheet, PDF(67/149 Page) ATMEL Corporation – 8-bit Microcontroller with 4K/8K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash

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AT89LP428 Datasheet, PDF (67/149 Pages) ATMEL Corporation – 8-bit Microcontroller with 4K/8K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash

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AT89LP428/828

13.3.1

Waveform Generation

Each CCA channel has an associated external compare output pin: CCA (P2.0), CCB (P2.1),

CCC (P2.2) and CCD (P2.3). The CxM2-0 bits in CCCx determine what action is taken when a

compare event occurs. The output pin may be set to 1, cleared to 0 or toggled. Output actions

take place even if the interrupt is disabled; however, the associated I/O pin must be set to the

desired output mode before the compare event occurs. The state of the compare outputs are ini-

tialized to 1 by reset.

Multiple compare events per channel can occur within a single time period, provided that the

software has time to update the compare value before the timer reaches the next compare point.

In this case other interrupts should be disabled or the CCA interrupt given a higher priority in

order to ensure that the interrupt is serviced in time.

A wide range of waveform generation configurations are possible using the various operating

modes of Timer 2 and the CCA. Some example configurations are detailed below. Pulse width

modulation is a special case of output compare. See âPulse Width Modulation Modeâ on page 68

for more details of PWM operation.

13.3.1.1

Normal Mode

The simplest waveform mode is when CP/RL2 = 0 and T2CM1-0 = 01B. In this mode the fre-

quency of the output is determined by the TOP value stored in RCAP2L and RCAP2H and

output edges occur at fractions of the timer period. Figure 13-4 shows an example of outputting

two waveforms of the same frequency but different phase by using the toggle on match action.

More complex waveforms are achieved by changing the TOP value and the compare values

more frequently.

Figure 13-4. Normal Mode Waveform Example

{RCAP2H,RCA2L}

{CCAH,CCAL}

CP/RL2 = 0, T2CM1-0 = 01B, DCEN = 0

{CCBH,CCBL}

CCA

CCB

13.3.1.2

Clear-Timer-on-Compare Mode

Clear-Timer-on-Compare (CTC) mode occurs when the CTCx bit of a compare channel is set to

one. CTC mode works best when Timer 2 is in capture mode (CP/RL2 = 1) to allow the full range

of compare values. In CTC mode, the compare value defines the interval between output events

because the timer is cleared after every compare match. Figure 13-5 shows an example wave-

form using the toggle on match action in CTC mode.

3654AâMICROâ8/09

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